Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Alemtuzumab is a monoclonal antibody targeting the CD52 glycoprotein, which is expressed by most mature leucocytes. In early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) alentuzumab effectively decreases relapse rate and disability progression. However, nearly 50% of the pacients treated with alentuzumab develop secondary autoimmune disorders, being Graves’ disease the most common. The development of thyroid eye disease is unusual.Aims ...

Introduction: There are several endocrine causes of hyponatremia. SIADH is perhaps the most challenging, as patients do not always respond to initial correction measures and pharmacological treatment options are scarce. Urea is a viable option, but not commonly used.Methods: Analysis of patients with SIADH-induced hyponatremia (<135mEq/l) treated with urea per os in the Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto between August 2021 and Octobe...

Introduction: Nonislet cell tumour hypoglycemia (NICTH) is a rare complication of malignancy. The most common cause is overproduction of IGF2, which activates insulin receptors, resulting in hypoinsulinemic hypoglycemia. When a solitary fibrous tumor is responsible, it is called Doege-Potter syndrome.Case 1: 58-year-old woman, with a history of gastrointestinal stromal tumor and pleural solitary fibrous tumor with pulmonary and lymph node metastases. She...

Introduction: Bilateral adrenal masses may appear in the context of metastatic disease, adrenal congenital hyperplasia, primary tumors or infections, among others. Primary adrenal lymphoma is rare, accounting for approximately 1% of cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Clinical case: 47-year-old woman, with a history of erythema nodosum and left hemithyroidectomy in the context of benign nodular disease. She presented with persistent fever and tiredne...

Objective: The objective of our study is to evaluate muscle strength and risk of falls in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) patientsMethods: Observational cross-sectional study. Hand grip strength (HGS) (kg/cm2) was measured with a Jamar. manual hydraulic dynamometer (5030j1; Jackson, MI). To classify normality, data from the Spanish population were used, establishing the cut-off point at p10. To assess the level of mobility and the risk of ...

Introduction: Cancer is the result of genetic and epigenetic alterations generating uncontrolled cell growth. These molecular changes maintain an immunosuppressive microenvironment allowing tumor spread. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are novel therapeutic strategies in cancer treatment, promoting anti-tumor response by boosting cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Despite their high effectiveness, they can trigger the activation of diverse autoimmune diseases in genetically predispos...

Introduction: Managing type 1 diabetes during pregnancy can be challenging. Stricter glycaemic targets are recommended due to maternal and fetal risks. The closed-loop system is an advanced technology more and more commonly used in type 1 diabetes control but rarely reported during pregnancy. We report the case of a patient with type 1 diabetes, treated with the Medtronic 780 G system during pregnancy.Case Report: A G3P3A0 pregnant patient with type 1 di...

Introduction: Hypopituitarism is a rare diagnosis that is mainly due to primary pituitary neoplasms and their treatment. There are rarer causes such as hemorrhage/ischemia, traumatic brain injury, infections and infiltrative lesions. Clinical case: We herein present an 18-year-old male patient diagnosed with acute promyelocytic leukemia at the age of 14, with no evidence of central nervous system invasion in several lumbar punctures during his follow-up....

Introduction: Prolactinoma is the most frequent secreting pituitary tumor. They are usually treated with dopamine agonists (DA) (bromocriptine and cabergoline), which are very effective in most cases. DA resistance consists of the impossibility of reaching normal prolactin levels and/or reduction of the adenoma by at least 50%.Case presentation: We present the case of a 57-year-old man affected by visual disturbances and hypopituitarism (2019). Pituitary...

Introduction: Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB), also known as olfactory neuroblastoma, is a malignant neuroendocrine tumor of the nasal fossa that arises from neurosensory receptor cells of the olfactory epithelium. It represents 3% of all nasal tumors. It presents a slow and progressive evolution that primarily affects the upper nasal mucosa and cribriform plate, with subsequent extension to the entire cavity and paranasal sinuses and can invade the orbit and cranial base.<p c...